With the continuous mining of open-pit coal mines, most open-pit coal mines have entered the sag mining stage, requiring large vehicles for transportation. There are serious dust exceeding standards in coal piles and mechanical operating areas in open-pit mining areas. Excessive dust in open-pit mining areas will significantly reduce sight distance and affect driving safety. In addition, high-concentration dust will also seriously affect the health of workers and cause occupational hazards. Therefore, it is quite necessary to carry out dust control in open-pit mining areas.
Conventional methods of dust suppression mainly include: covering with protective nets, spraying water to suppress dust, and spraying dust suppressant to suppress dust. Considering the dust suppression effect and treatment cost, spraying dust suppressant to suppress dust is currently the best way to deal with it. At present, the most commonly used chemical dust suppressant in open-pit coal mines is mainly polymer dust suppressant. Its main component is carboxymethyl cellulose and is developed with certain additives. However, since carboxymethyl cellulose is a swollen cellulose and has a high viscosity after being dissolved in water, the biggest problem with this type of dust suppressant system is that it is difficult to balance permeability and crust strength. When the viscosity of this type of dust suppression solution is high, the dust suppression effect is better after spraying, but the penetration rate is slow, especially in no light or low temperature environments; when the viscosity is low, the penetration rate is fast, but the crust thickness is small , low strength and poor dust suppression effect. In addition, another problem with this type of dust suppressant is that the crusting speed depends heavily on temperature. After spraying in the absence of light or low temperature, the crusting speed is very slow. Therefore, open-pit coal mines are in urgent need of a dust suppressant with high penetration and strong crusting.